Like mosques in Islam, churches in Christianity and temples in Buddhism, Hinduism and Judaism, the churches of Scientology are typically marked by specific religious symbols, most notably by two overlapping triangles intertwined with the letter S, standing for Scientology. The triangles symbolize fundamental elements in the doctrines of Scientology. The corners of one triangle stand for Affinity, Reality and Communication which, according to Hubbard's teaching, jointly bring about understanding. The corners of the other triangle stand for Knowledge, Responsibility and Control, which are deemed to be necessary in all areas of one's life.

Another common symbol of Scientology is a sunburst cross, which is similar to the cross found in Christianity but with four additional points coming from the centre. The eight points of the Scientology cross represent the eight dynamics listed above. This cross is commonly worn by ministers of the Church of Scientology.